The Complete History of the Sriwijaya Kingdom Along with the Relics and the King
The history of the Srivijaya Kingdom is indeed very interesting to study. Because as you know, the Sriwijaya kingdom was one of the big kingdoms in Indonesia. This kingdom was famous for its maritime power, even this power allowed this kingdom to control the islands of Java, Sumatra, Cambodia, the Malay Peninsula, South Thailand and the Kalimantan Coast. Thanks to this power, the Sriwijaya Kingdom became a kingdom that successfully controlled trade activities in the Southeast Asia region during its heyday.
History of the Sriwijaya Kingdom
The kingdom of Sriwijaya is taken from two syllables namely Sri which means bright or radiant and Wijaya which means victory. When combined, Sriwijaya means a glorious victory. Given that this kingdom is so well known worldwide, it is not surprising that Sriwijaya is called by different names in various countries. In Pali and Sanskrit, Srivijaya is known as Javadeh and Yavadesh. In China, the Srivijaya Kingdom was called San-fo-ts'i, San FoQi or Shih-li-fo-shih. Meanwhile, the Arabs know the Sriwijaya kingdom as Sribuza or Zabaj.
History of the Sriwijaya Kingdom and its Beginning:
The history of the Srivijaya Kingdom is increasingly well-known to the present generation because of its extraordinary heyday in the 9th to 10th centuries AD. At that time, the Sriwijaya Kingdom was known to control trade routes by sea or maritime in the Southeast Asian region. In the maritime world, Sriwijaya has succeeded in colonizing almost all the major kingdoms in Southeast Asia. The power of the Sriwijaya Kingdom has touched the lands of Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, Java, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines to Cambodia. The power of the Sriwijaya kingdom included controlling the routes of local trade activities and spices. Where they impose customs on all ships that pass. Not only accumulating wealth from the sea, the Sriwijaya Kingdom also amassed wealth through trading warehouses for the Indian and Chinese markets.
The history of the Srivijaya Kingdom itself does not explain much about when this kingdom was actually founded. Because the oldest evidence actually comes from China. Where in 682 AD, there was a priest from China named I-Tsing who wanted to study Buddhism in the Indian region, then stopped to study Sanskrit in Sriwijaya for a month. At that time, it was also recorded that the Sriwijaya kingdom was ruled by Dapunta Hyang. Apart from news from China, evidence of the existence of Srivijaya is also written in several inscriptions. One of them is the inscription in Palembang, namely the Kedukan Bukit inscription (605S/683M). In the inscription, it is known that Dapunta Hyang had expanded for 8 days by involving 20,000 troops and succeeded in controlling and conquering several areas. Starting from this victory, the Srivijaya kingdom was increasingly prosperous and prosperous. If you look at the evidence from China and the inscriptions in Palembang, experts conclude that the first king of the Sriwijaya Kingdom was Dapunta Hyang, and this kingdom began to exist around the 7th century.
Historical Relics of the Sriwijaya Kingdom:
Inscriptions left by the Sriwijaya Empire:
The Kedukan Bukit Inscription
Coral Passion Inscription
Talang ibo inscription
Palas Pasemah inscription
Stone Lake Inscription
Lime City Inscription
Leiden Stele
Talang Tuwo inscription
End of Heaven Inscription
Ligor Inscription
Srivijaya Kingdom Heritage Temple:
Muara Takus Temple
Muaro Jambi Temple
Bahal Monastery Temple
Lime City Temple
Srivijaya Gate
The famous king of the Srivijaya Kingdom:
King Daputra Hyang
King Dharmasetu
King Balaputradewa
King Sri Sudamaniwarmadewa
King Sanggrama Wijayattunggawarman
Factors causing the collapse of the Srivijaya empire:
The history of the Srivijaya Kingdom also tells about how the great empire collapsed. It is known that the decline of the Srivijaya empire was caused by many factors. One of them was due to attacks from Rajendra Chola I who was someone from the Cholda dynasty in the Coromande region, southern India in 1025 and 1017.
From this attack, many Sriwijaya royal war fleets were destroyed. This also made the trade controlled by Sriwijaya fall into the hands of the Chola King. Even so, the Sriwijaya kingdom was still standing. The weakened military power made several areas that had been controlled break away. In fact, a new force emerged from Pagaruyung and Dharmasraya which controlled the territory of the Sriwijaya Kingdom. Not only that, great kings have emerged in various regions which have weakened trade activities in Sriwijaya. In the end, the History of the Sriwijaya Kingdom states that this kingdom collapsed in the 13th century.
source : https://perpustakaan.id/history-kerajaan-sriwijaya/