By Afdhal Ilahi - 08.36.00 -
Biography of Hadith Scholar Aisyah bint Abu Bakar Radhiyallahu 'anha ..
Aisyah is the wife of the Prophet Shallalahu 'alaihi Wassalam, daughter of Abu Bakar ash-Siddiq, the Prophet's friend and most loved person, Aisyah converted to Islam when she was still young after 18 others. Rasulullah Shallallahu 'alaihi Wassalam married her in the year 2 H.
He studied language, poetry, medicine, genealogy and Arabic daily life. Said Az-Zuhri "If the knowledge that Aisyah mastered is compared to that possessed by all the wives of the Prophet Shallallahu 'alaihi Wassalam and the knowledge of all women, then Aisyah's knowledge is more important". Urwah said "I have never seen anyone who understands medicine, poetry and jurisprudence better than Aisyah".
Aisyah narrated 2,210 hadiths, among her own specialties, she sometimes took out problems from the source, made special ijtihad, then compared them with the opinions of pious friends.
Regarding Aisyah's expertise, Az-Zarkasyi composed a special book entitled Al-Ijabah li Iradi mastadrakathu Aisyah 'ala ash Shahabah.
The hadith attributed to the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, states that he said "Take half of your religion from this white wife of mine", Indeed this hadith is not authentic. Ibn Hajar. Al-Mizzi, Adz Dzahabi and Ibnu Katsir emphasize that the hadith is a lie and made up.
Aisha narrated hadith from her father Abu Bakr, from Umar, Sa'ad bin Abi Waqqash, Usaid bin Khudlair and others. While the companions who narrated from him are Abu Hurairah, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, Zaid bin Khalid al-Juhniy, Syafiyah bint Syabah and several others. Tabi'in who quoted him are: Sa'id bin al-Musayyab, alqamah bin Qais, Masruq bin al-Ajda, Aisyah bint Thalhal, Amran bint Abdirrahman, and Hafshah bint Sirin. The three women mentioned last were students of Aisyah's student who majored in Jurisprudence.
The most authentic sanad is the one narrated by Yahya bin Sa'id and Ubaidullah bin Umar bin Hafshin, from Al Qasim bin Muhammad, from Aisha. Also narrated by az-Zuhri or Hisham bin Urwah, from Urwah bin az-Zubair, from Aisyah. The most Dlaif is the one narrated by al-Harith bin Shabl, from Umm an Nu'man from Aisyah. Aisha died in 57 H, and Abu Hurairah joined her in prayer.
Copied from the Biography of Sayyidah Aisyah in Al-Ishabah, kitab an-Nis no 701; Thabaqat Ibn Sa'ad 8/39