Including belief in the last day is belief in the blowing of the trumpet on the last day. This is a very terrible event, namely the first event that will occur on the Day of Judgment. Angel Israfil blows the trumpet on the day of judgment according to the command of Allah Ta'ala. Among the issues that are disputed by scholars is how many times the trumpet will be blown on the Day of Judgment. Below we present the opinions of the scholars and the arguments (dalil) for each opinion.
Trumpet Blowed Three Times
Among the scholars who think so are Ibnul 'Arabi, Sheikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyyah, and Ash-Syaukanirahimahumullah.
The first blow, called nafkhotul faza', is a blow that causes shock, panic or shock to all creatures. This blowing also causes changes and damage to the natural order of the world. This first blow is indicated by the words of Allah Ta'ala,
And on the Day when the trumpet will be blown, then everyone in the heavens and everyone on earth will be terrified, except whom God wills, and all of them will be gathered together.
"And (remember) the day (when) the trumpet is blown, then everything in the heavens and everything on the earth will be surprised, except for whom God wills. And they all came before Him humbly." (QS. An-Naml [27]: 87)
The second blow, called nafkhotu ash-sha'qi, is the blow that causes the death of all creatures.
The third blow, called nafkhotul ba'tsi wan nusyuur, is the blow that resurrects all creatures.
The second and third blows are indicated by the words of Allah Ta'ala,
And the trumpet was blown, and everyone in the heavens and everyone on earth was shocked, except whom God wills. Then another was blown into it, and behold, they stood and watched.
"And the trumpet will be blown, and whoever is in heaven and on earth will die except whom God wills. Then the trumpet was blown again, and suddenly they stood waiting (for their respective verdicts)." (QS. Az-Zumar [39]: 68)
The third blow is also indicated by the words of Allah Ta'ala,
And the trumpet was blown, and behold, they were descending from the events to their Lord.
"And the trumpet was blown, then suddenly they came out immediately from their graves (toward) their Lord." (QS. Yasin [36]: 51)
Trumpets Blowed Twice
Among the scholars who think so are Ibnu 'Abbas, Al-Hasan Al-Bashri, Qatadah, Al-Qurthubi and Ibnu Hajar rahimahumullah.
The first trumpet blast is called nafkhotul faza' wa ash-sha'qi, namely a blast that causes shock to all creatures, causing their death. According to scholars who are of the opinion that blowing twice, nafkhotul faza' and nafkhotu ash-sha'qi are two things that happen at one time (one blow), not two separate blows. That is, they were shocked and then died because of it.
The scholars who think twice, they argue with the words of Allah Ta'ala,
The day the trembling tremble will be followed by the trembling one.
"(Indeed you will be resurrected) on the day when the first wind shakes the world. The first blow was followed by a second blow.” (QS. An-Nazi'at [79]: 6-7)
When explaining the verse above, Ibnu Katsir, may God have mercy on him, said,
Ibn Abbas said: They are the first and second blows, and so said Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Qatada, Al-Dahhak and more than one person.
"Ibn 'Abbas said, 'Both are the first and second breaths.' And the same is said by Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Adh-Dhahhak, and others." (Tafsir Ibn Katsir, 8/315)
They also argue with the hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu 'anhu,
There are forty between the two blasts
"(The distance) between two blows is forty." (HR. Bukhari no. 4935)
A Stronger Opinion
Of these two opinions, the second opinion is more correct, that the trumpet is blown twice on the Day of Judgment. This is based on a hadith from Abdullah bin 'Amr radhiyallahu 'anhu, in a long hadith in which it is narrated,
...Then the trumpet is blown, and no one hears it unless he listens and raises a wish. He said: The first person to hear it is a man who strokes the pelvis of his camel. He said: Then he stuns, and... The people were shocked, then God sends - or he said, God sends down - rain as if it were dew or shadow - Nouman the doubter - Then the bodies of the people grow from it, then new ones are breathed into it, and behold, they stand and see...
" ... Then the trumpet was blown. No one heard him unless he strained his ears and craned his neck. He said, 'So the first person to hear it was someone who was repairing a well for his camel.' He said, 'He died, and so did the people.' Then God sent -or he said, 'Send down'- a drizzle of rain or shade -Nu'man (one of the narrators) doubted- from which God grows (raises) human bodies. Then the second trumpet was blown, and suddenly they stood waiting (for their respective decisions) ..." (HR. Muslim no. 2940).
So in this hadith it is explained that when the trumpet was blown for the first time and people heard it, they died. Then the trumpet blew a second time, then people rose from their graves and waited for their respective decisions. These two blows are also indicated by the hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu 'anhu above.
Distance between Two Blows
Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu 'anhu said, the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
“There are forty days between the two blasts.” They said: O Abu Hurairah, forty days? He said: I refused. They said: Forty months? He said: I did not. They said: Forty years? He said: I refuse
“(The distance) between two blows is forty.” The companions asked, "O Abu Hurairah, what are forty days?" Abu Hurairah replied, "I refuse." They asked again, "Four bamboo months?" Abu Hurairah replied, "I refuse." They asked again, "Forty years?" Abu Hurairah replied, "I refuse." (HR. Bukhari no. 4935)
Meaning, Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu 'anhu refused to confirm or confirm whether it was forty days, forty months, or forty years. But what is certain is that the distance is forty. It is also said that the distance between these two blows is among the things that are unknown except to Allah Ta'ala.
Ibn Hajar, may God have mercy on him, said,
What it means is that I refrained from explaining it because I do not know it, so I will not discuss it with my opinion
“I mean, I can't explain, because I don't know. So I'm not talking about it just based on opinion (logic).” (Fathul Baari, 11/370)
Hopefully this short explanation is useful for Muslims.
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Finished arranged Saturday morning, MasjidNasuha Rotterdam NL, 23 Jumadil Ula 1436
Who always hopes for forgiveness from his Lord,
Author: M. Saifudin Hakim
Reference:
[1] Al-Imaan bimaa Ba’dal Maut: Masaail wa Dalaail, karya Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Shadiq An-Najar, Daar An-Nashihah Madinah KSA, cetakan pertama, tahun 1434, hal. 113-119.
[2] Al-Irsyad ila Shahihil I’tiqod wa Ar-Radd ‘ala Ahli Asy-Syirki wal Ilhaad, karya Syaikh Dr. Shalih bin Fauzan bin Abdullah Al-Fauzan hafidzahullah, Montada Althaqafa Riyadh KSA, located next to Tahun 1434, hal. 226-229.
Article Muslim.Or.Id